Surgical Sperm Retrieval Options for Male Infertility
At Bangkok Central Clinic, we support male patients facing infertility with advanced surgical sperm retrieval techniques:
TESE: Testicular Sperm Extraction
PESA: Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration
These procedures are commonly recommended for men with azoospermia—a condition where no sperm is present in the ejaculate—and are used in conjunction with IVF or ICSI fertility treatments.
TESE vs. PESA: What’s the Difference?
| Feature | PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) | TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) |
|---|---|---|
|
Procedure Type |
Needle aspiration |
Small surgical biopsy |
|
Area of Sperm Retrieval |
Epididymis (where sperm is stored) |
Testicle (where sperm is produced) |
|
Anesthesia Used |
Local anesthesia |
General or local anesthesia |
|
Duration of Procedure |
15–30 minutes |
30–60 minutes |
|
Best For |
Obstructive azoospermia (e.g. vasectomy, duct blockage) |
Non-obstructive azoospermia (low or no sperm production) |
|
Invasiveness |
Minimally invasive |
More invasive |
|
Recovery Time |
1–2 days (minor swelling) |
2–3 days (slightly more discomfort) |
|
Use of Retrieved Sperm |
Immediate ICSI use or cryopreservation |
Immediate ICSI use or cryopreservation |
|
Success Rate |
High (when obstruction is cause) |
Variable (depends on sperm production capacity) |
All procedures are performed by fertility specialists in a sterile, supportive environment with your safety and comfort as top priorities.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is azoospermia?
Azoospermia is a condition where no sperm is found in the ejaculate. It can be caused by physical blockages or by problems in sperm production.
How do I know if I need TESE or PESA?
A thorough consultation with your fertility doctor, including hormone tests and ultrasound, will determine the most suitable approach based on your specific condition.
Are these procedures painful?
PESA is quick and typically involves very little discomfort. TESE may result in some swelling or tenderness, but pain is generally mild and temporary.
How soon can I return to normal activities?
Most patients return to normal activities within 1–3 days. Avoid strenuous exercise or sexual activity for a short period, as advised by your doctor.
Can the sperm be frozen for future use?
Yes. At Bangkok Central Clinic, retrieved sperm can be frozen and stored securely for future IVF or ICSI procedures.
Does this guarantee I’ll have viable sperm?
While success rates are high, especially with obstructive azoospermia, sperm retrieval isn’t always guaranteed. Your doctor will explain your specific chances after diagnosis.
