A Step-by-Step Look at Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
The ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) process is a precise and carefully coordinated sequence of steps used to assist fertilization when sperm quality, quantity, or motility is a concern. At Bangkok Central Clinic, our experienced embryologists and fertility doctors follow rigorous protocols to ensure every stage is managed with clinical expertise and care.
What to Expect During the ICSI Process
Initial Consultation and Evaluation
Your journey begins with a comprehensive consultation with one of our fertility specialists. We will review your medical history, past fertility treatments (if any), and perform detailed tests to understand the cause of infertility. This includes semen analysis, hormone testing, and imaging scans to assess reproductive health.
Ovarian Stimulation
To prepare for egg retrieval, the female partner receives hormone injections to stimulate the ovaries. The goal is to produce multiple mature eggs in one cycle. This stage typically lasts 8 to 12 days and is closely monitored through ultrasound and blood tests.
Egg Retrieval
Once the eggs reach optimal maturity, a minor surgical procedure is performed under sedation to collect them. Using ultrasound guidance, a needle is used to aspirate eggs from the ovarian follicles. Most patients return home the same day.
Sperm Collection and Preparation
On the day of egg retrieval, a semen sample is collected from the male partner or donor. In cases of severe male infertility, surgical sperm retrieval methods such as TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) may be used. The sample is then processed in our lab to select the highest-quality sperm for injection.
Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Using a fine glass micropipette, an embryologist injects a single live sperm directly into each mature egg. This technique is performed under a microscope in our controlled laboratory setting and bypasses the need for sperm to swim to and penetrate the egg.
Embryo Culture and Monitoring
Fertilized eggs are monitored for several days as they develop into embryos. Our team uses advanced incubation systems to ensure the ideal environment for cell growth. Only the healthiest embryos are considered for transfer or cryopreservation.
Embryo Transfer
Usually 3 to 5 days after fertilization, one or more embryos are transferred into the uterus. This is a gentle, non-surgical procedure performed using a thin catheter. If additional viable embryos are available, they may be frozen for future use.
Luteal Phase Support
Following the transfer, progesterone supplements are prescribed to help prepare the uterine lining for implantation. You may be asked to avoid strenuous activity and attend scheduled monitoring visits.
Pregnancy Testing and Early Monitoring
Around 9 to 14 days after embryo transfer, a blood test is performed to check for pregnancy. If positive, our clinic provides close support through early ultrasounds and consultations to help ensure a healthy pregnancy outcome.
Our Experience with ICSI
We have a long track record of success using ICSI to overcome male infertility. Our team includes highly trained embryologists and fertility physicians who apply advanced lab techniques, including precision microinjection and real-time embryo monitoring.
We are equipped to support patients with:
- Low sperm count or motility
- Previous fertilization failure in IVF
- Obstructive or non-obstructive azoospermia
- Use of frozen or surgically retrieved sperm
- Donor sperm or complex fertility challenges
Commonly Asked Questions About the ICSI Process
Is ICSI painful?
The ICSI procedure itself is done in the lab and does not involve the patient directly. Egg retrieval is performed under sedation, and embryo transfer is typically painless.
How long does the ICSI process take?
The full cycle usually takes about 4 to 6 weeks, including ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, lab fertilization, and embryo transfer.
Can ICSI help with all types of male infertility?
ICSI is especially useful in cases of low sperm count, poor motility, or sperm that cannot penetrate the egg. However, it may not be suitable if no viable sperm can be obtained.
What happens if ICSI does not work the first time?
Not every cycle results in pregnancy. If ICSI is unsuccessful, our team will review the outcome with you and adjust your treatment plan to improve the chance of success in a future cycle.
